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共部门内外决策环境比较分析本文以澳门和天津的公务员为研究对象,对两地公共部门内,外决策环境进行比较分析.测量财政束缚,单位中的规章制度,上级的约束,同事之间的意见分歧,组织的价值观念,其它相关部门的要求,社会舆论以及事件的政治敏感度等因素对两地公务员决策行爲的影响.研究发现:天津与澳门在决策环境及决策行爲上存在明显差异,虽然行爲的差异可能应归於环境因素的不同,但管理文化和行政改革可能亦是形成以上差异的重大因素.
Thispaperexaminestheeffectsofinternalandexternalenvironmentalfactorsonpublicsectordecisionmaking.CivilservantsinMacaoandTianjinwereselectedasstudysubjectsforaparativeanalysis.Asurveyofcivilservantswasconductedinthetwocities.Alargenumberoffactorswereexaminedincluding:financialconstraints,internalregulations,constraintsimposedbysuperiors,conflictsamongco-workers,anizationalvalues,demandsfromotherdepartments,publicopinions,andpoliticalsensitivityoftheissuerequiringadecision.Thestudyfoundthatcivilservantsofthetwocitieshavedifferencesindecisionmakingenvironmentaswellasdifferencesindecisionmakingbehavior.Whilethebehavioraldifferencescanbeattributedtotheenvironmentaldifferences,thestudyresultsalsosuggestthatadministrativecultureandcivilservicereformemphasiscouldalsobesignificantfactorscausingtheobserveddifferences.
14:30–16:15第一场研讨会SessionI
A组/PanelA:澳门公共管治/PublicGovernanceinMacao
澳门公共行政改革的路线图分析
刘伯龙
Ithasbeen10yearssinceMacaureturnedtoChinaunderthepoliticalframeworkof"OneCountryTwosystems".Sincethehandover,thenewly–appointedMacauSARChiefExecutive,EdmundHo,wasreluctanttocarryoutmajorreformmeasuresasheunderstoodthatatthebeginningofSARGovernment,maintainingthemoraleoflocalcivilservantsiskeytohisgovernanceasanewgovernment.Thecivilserviceunderwentseveralphenomenalreformsbutlargelykeptintact.In2002,withtheopeningofgamblingfranchise,theeconomictransformationprovedtobequickerthanmostpeoplecouldexpect.Citizensandinvestors'expectationsonpublicadministrationwerehigherthantherealitycouldprovide.Citizensplainedaboutcorruptionpractice,inefficiency,policyinpetenceonthepartofthemajorgovernmentofficials.Recently,atthemidwayofthechiefexecutive'ssecondterm,asMacauSARGovernmentisdeterminedtolaunchfull-scaleadministrativereformandpromulgateditsroadmapinthisrespect.WhytheGovernmentdecidestopushforwardmajorreformseightyearsafterthehandoverWillitsucceedTheauthorintendstodiscusstheprosandconsofpublicadministrationinMacau,itsstrengthsandweaknesses,analyzethemajorreformmeasuresnecessarytoinsurethatSARGovernmentwillimproveit'sgovernancecapacitiesinthefuture.
港澳的外劳计划比较研究
蔡幸强(澳门大学)
ThispaperattemptstoarguethatpoliticsismoreimportantthaneconomicsinexplainingthepatternoftheimportationofunskilledmigrantworkersintheThirdWorld.HongKongandMacauwillbeusedtodemonstratethisargument.Bothcitieshavestartedtoimportmigrantworkersinthe1980s.InHongKong,however,migrantworkeroccupiesaverysmallpercentageofthetotalworkforce,anditsusehasbeenheavilyrestrictedbyalotofregulation.Largelyoutoftheserestrictions,migrantworkerasanissuehasbeenremovedfrompubliccontestation.Macauisacaserepresentingtheotherextreme.Ithasaveryliberalimportationregimewithaheavypresenceofmigrantworkersintheeconomy.Socialprotestsagainstmigrantworkersperiodicallyeruptedintomajorpoliticalcrises.Thispaperattemptstoexplainthesedifferencesfromthefollowingthreefactors:thehistoricalexperienceonmigration,thenatureofthestate,andthepoliticalstrengthofthelabourmovement.
政府组织文化初探:以澳门为例
郝志东(澳门大学)
Thecultureofanyanizationdeterminestoagreatextentthesuccessorfailureofthatanization,nomatterwhetherthisisaprivatebusinessoragovernmentagency.Inaddition,thiscultureisinfluencedgreatlybythewaytheanizationisstructured.ThispaperattemptstounderstandtheanizationalcultureofMacaogovernment.Weassumethatlikeanyotheranization,itisahybridofdemocracyandauthoritarianism.Andsuccessesandfailuresaremixed.Butweneedtounderstandhowexactlythingsaredone,andtowhatextentthecultureworksordoesn'twork.Furthermore,whatstructuralfactorsinfluencethewaygovernmentworksForexample,towhatextentdoesthelegislativebranchandtheexecutivebranchofthegovernmentinfluenceoneanotherThemethodsweusefortheprojectwillbequalitative,andwewillstudyonegovernmentagencyandseewhetherwecanfindtheanswerstotheabovequestions.Thestudywillhaveimportantimplicationsfortheimprovementofthewaygovernmentagenciesfunction.
从公共财政看澳门社会政策的考虑
陈建新(澳门大学)
AcpanyingwithboomingeconomyofMacauandthedemandofMacauresidents,therearenumerousreformsorintroductionofsocialpoliciesinMacau,suchaspublicpensionsystem,disabilityallowance,healthcaresystemandfoodbank.Thesepolicy(re)formscanfullyrevealtheGovernment'sspiritofcaringthemunityandofservingthedisadvantagedgroups.However,theunderlyingprinciplesorconceptsofsocialpolicy,likeequity,efficiencyandpoverty,arealwaysevolving,ontheotherhand,theseevolvedconceptsaretriggeringthenewwavesofsocialpolicyreforms.Thispaperdiscussessomemajorconsiderationsonsocialpolicy,likeequity,efficiencyandpove
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