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30340;参与.COMMO小组是自下而上方法通过在溶液中的化学方法合成纳米石墨烯的先驱.IBM集团是在利用原子力显微镜与原子分辨率发热的专家,在此工作中,LeoGross博士,格哈德迈耶博士和博士研究生布鲁诺舒勒参与其中.这两个集团已经合作,并将结果发表在化学科学期刊《科学》(2016)上,目前他们采取的大欧洲计划PAMS(平面原子与分子尺度器件),总预算超过900万欧元的一部分.PAMS主要目标是开发的纳米级大小的电子设备,以获得在信息技术和通信所使用的设备的极端小型化.
资料来源:CiQUS
Simple,lowcostlasertechniqueimprovesnanomaterials
Mesoporoussiliconnanowireswerescannedbyafocusedlaserbeamintwodifferentpatterns,imagedbybright-fieldopticalmicroscope,asdepictedby(a)and(c),aswellasfluorescencemicroscopy,asdepictedby(b)and(d).Evidently,theimageshiddeninboxesshownin(a)and(c)areclearlyrevealedunderfluorescencemicroscopy.Image:NationalUniversityofSingapore
Thechallengesfacedbyresearchersinmodifyingpropertiesofnanomaterialsforapplicationindevicesmaybeaddressedbyasimpletechnique,thankstorecentinnovativestudiesconductedbyscientistsfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS).
Throughtheuseofasimple,efficientandlowcosttechniqueinvolvingafocusedlaserbeam,twoNUSresearchteams,ledbyProf.SowChorngHaurfromtheDepartmentofPhysicsattheNUSFacultyofScience,demonstratedthatthepropertiesoftwodifferenttypesofmaterialscanbecontrolledandmodified,andconsequently,theirfunctionalitiescanbeenhanced.
SaidSow:"Inourchildhood,mostofusarelikelytohavetheexperienceofbringingamagnifyingglassoutdoorsonasunnydayandtriedtofocussunlightontoapieceofpapertoburnthepaper.Suchasimpleapproachturnsouttobeaveryversatiletoolinresearch.Insteadoffocusingsunlight,wecanfocuslaserbeamontoawidevarietyofnanomaterialsandstudyeffectsofthefocusedlaserbeamhasonthesematerials."
Micropatterns"drawn"onMoS2filmscouldenhanceelectricalconductivityandphotoconductivity
Molybdenumdisulfide(MoS2),aclassoftransitionmetaldichalcogenidepound,hasattractedgreatattentionasanemergingtwo-dimensional(2-D)materialduetowiderecognitionofitspotentialinandoptoelectronics.Oneofthemanyfascinatingpropertiesof2-DMoS2filmisthatitspropertiesdependonthethicknessofthefilm.Inaddition,itspropertiescanbemodifiedoncethefilmismodifiedchemically.HenceoneofthechallengesinthisfieldistheabilitytocreatemicrodevicesoutoftheMoS2filmprisingponentswithdifferentthicknessorchemicalnature.
Toaddressthistechnologicalchallenge,Sow,DrLuJunpeng,apostdoctoralcandidatefromtheDepartmentofPhysicsattheNUSFacultyofScience,andtheirteammembers,utilisedanopticalmicroscope-focusedlaserbeamsetupto'draw'micropatternsdirectlyontolargeareaMoS2filmsaswellastothinthefilms.
Withthissimpleandlowcostapproach,thescientistswereabletousethefocusedlaserbeamtoselectively"draw"patternsontoanyregionofthefilmtomodifypropertiesofthedesiredarea,unlikeothercurrentmethodswheretheentirefilmismodified.
Interestingly,theyalsofoundthattheelectricalconductivityandphotoconductivityofthemodifiedmaterialhadincreasedbymorethan10timesandaboutfivetimesrespectively.TheresearchteamfabricatedaphotodetectorusinglasermodifiedMoS2filmanddemonstratedthesuperiorperformanceofMoS2forsuchapplication.
ThisinnovationwasfirstpublishedonlineinthejournalACSNano("ImprovedPhotoelectricalPropertiesofMoS2FilmsafterLaserMicromachining")on24May2016.
Hiddenimages"drawn"byfocusedlaserbeamonsiliconnanowirescouldimproveopticalfunctionalities
InarelatedstudypublishedinthejournalScientificReports("Laser-inducedGreenish-BluePhotoluminescenceofMesoporousSiliconNanowires")on13May2016,SowledanotherteamofresearchersfromtheNUSFacultyofScience,incollaborationwithscientistsfromHongKongBaptistUniversity,toinvestigatehow'drawing'micropatternsonmesoporoussiliconnanowirescouldchangethepropertiesofnanowiresandadvancetheirapplications.
Theteamscannedafocusedlaserbeamrapidlyontoanarrayofmesoporoussiliconnanowires,whicharecloselypackedlikethetightlywoventhreadsofacarpet.Theyfoundthatthefocusedlaserbeamcouldmodifytheopticalpropertiesofthenanowires,causingthemtoemitgreenish-bluefluorescencelight.Thisisthefirstobservationofsuchalaser-modifiedbehaviourfromthemesoporoussiliconnanowirestobereported.
Theresearcherssystematicallystudiedthelaser-inducedmodificationtogaininsightsintoestablishingcontrolovertheopticalpropertiesofthemesoporoussiliconnanowires.Theirunderstandingenabledthemto'draw'awidevarietyofmicropatternswithdifferentopticalfunctionalitiesusingthefocusedlaserbeam.
Toputtheirfindingstothetest,theresearchersengineeredthefunctionalponentsofthenanowireswithinterestingapplications.Theresearchteamdemonstratedthatthemicropatternscreatedatalowlaserpowerareinvisibleunderbright-fieldopticalmicroscope,butbeeapparentunderfluorescencemicroscope,indicatingthefeasibilityofhiddenimages.
Furtherresearch
Thefastgrowingfieldofelectronicsandoptoelectronicsdemandsprecisematerialdepositionwithapplication-specificoptical,electri
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