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/n.生物地球化学家chamber/(t(e(mb(/n.室,房间,腔注释:
1.theMaxPlanckInstituteforNuclearPhysicsinHeldelberg,Germany:马克思·普朗克核物理研究所,位于德国海德堡.海德堡系德国西南部城市,在巴登-符腾堡州的内卡河畔.海德堡大学是德国历史最悠久的大学.
2.microbe:细菌,意义同bacterium(bacteria的单数形式),但microbe不用作专门术语.
3.St.Paul:圣保罗,美国明尼苏达州首府.
练习:
Whatwasscientists'understandingofmethane
A)Itwasproducedfromplants.
B)Itwasnotagreenhousegas.
C)Itwasproducedinoxygen-freeenvironments.
D)Ittrapsmoreheatthananyothergreenhousegas.
Totestwhetherplantsareasourceofmethane,thescientistscreated
A)aoxygen-freeenvironment.
B)anenvironmentwiththesameconcentrationofoxygenastheEarthhas.
C)acarbondioxide-freeenvironment.
D)anenvironmentfilledwiththegreenhousegas
Whichstatementistrueofthemethaneemissionsofplantsintheexperiment
A)Thelowerthetemperature,thehighertheamountofmethaneemissions.
B)Livingplantsreleaselessmethanethandriedplantsatthesametemperature.
C)Whenexposedtosunlight,plantsstopreleasingmethane.
D)Thehigherthetemperature,thegreatertheamountofmethaneemissions.
4.WhatofthefollowingaboutmethaneisNotmentionedinthepassage
A)Plantsgrowinginsoilreleasemethane.
B)Plantsgrowinginwaterreleasemethane.
C)Soilmicrobesconsumemethane.
D)Microbesinplantsproducemethane.
5.Whatisthebeneficialpointofsomemicrobesconsumingplant-producedmethane
A)Methanebeeslesspoisonous.
B)methaneisturnedintoafertilizer.
C)Lessmethanereachestheatmosphere.
D)Airbeescleaner..
答案与题解:
1.C短文的第一和第二段都讲到,科学家过去曾经认为,沼气必须在无氧的环境中才能产生.注意,作者用的是过去式:Mostscientistsassumedthat等,Theyhadassumedthat等.
2.B第三段第一句说,科学家使用密封的房间来做实验,房间里氧气的浓度与地球大气中的氧气浓度相仿.所以B句符合原文的意思,其它三个选择则不符合原文内容.
3.D根据第四和第五段的内容,只有D是正确的说法.温度越高沼气的释放量越高,有生命的植物释放的沼气远大于干植物的释放量,在阳光下,它们的沼气释放量是正常情况的三倍.
4.D最后两段告诉我们,无论在土壤中还是在水中生长的植物都能释放沼气,土壤中的微生物消耗沼气,使沼气不至于进入空气.所以A,B,C的内容均符合短文最后两段中作者的意思.D的内容短文中没有提到.
5.C最后一段的第二句可以找到本题的答案.
10.SmartWindow(B级)
(替换2007年用书理工类阅读理解第三十三篇:StarQuality)
Windowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlighting,butthelightingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedge1technology.Researchersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanywhereinbetweenwithaflipofaswitch2.
"Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,"saysClaesGranqvist.He'saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden3."It'scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell."So,windowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey'restuckindoors.
Yet,windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewinter,coldairleaksin.Whenit'shotandsunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirairconditioners.Producingblastsofcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing,actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.
Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyears,scientistshaveeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating,glazing,andlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusechromogenictechnologieswhichinvolvechangesofcolor.
Electrochromicwindowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexample,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersofchemicalpoundsuchastungstenoxideworksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideisclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved,thatis,whentheamountofvoltageisdecreased,thewindowdarkensuntilit'spletelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.
Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortof"memory."Allittakesisasmalljoltofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetotheother.Then,itstaysthatway.Transitionstakeanywherefrom10secondstoafewminutes,dependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed."Inthefuture,"Granqvistsays,"ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent.
词汇:
flip/fl(p/n.&,v.用手指轻弹,轻击tungstenoxide氧化钨airconditioner空调(器)jolt/d(((lt/n.&,v.震摇,颠簸,晃动refreshing/r((fre(((/adj.使人清爽的electrochromic/((lektr(((kr((m(k/adj.电致变色的Glaze/(le(z/v.装玻璃,用玻璃覆盖voltage/(v((lt(d(/n.电压chromogenic/(kr((m((d(en(k/adj.发色的airconditioning空调,空调系统
注释:
1.cuttingedge:本意为:(刀片的)刃口,刀刃,比喻意为:最先进的,科技含量最高的. 2.anywhereinbetweenwithaflipofaswitch:就在开或关的一霎那.
3.UppsalaUniversityinSweden:瑞典的乌普萨拉大学.乌普萨拉是瑞典东部一座城市,位于斯德
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