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#读取数据(数据集为"城镇消费.csv")

a等于read.csv("d:/data/城镇消费.csv",header等于T),a,

names(a),attach(a),

a1等于a[1:5,],a1,

a2等于a[6:18,],a2,

a3等于a[20:29,],a3,

#计算协方差阵,逆矩阵,和各组均值

v等于cov(a[,3:10]),v,

v_1等于solve(v),v_1,

m等于mean(a[,3:10]),m,

m1等于mean(a1[3:10]),m1,

m2等于mean(a2[3:10]),m2,

m3等于mean(a3[3:10]),m3,

#计算与三组的距离

d1等于c(1:31),

i等于1

for(iin1:31)

{if(i<,等于31)

d1[i]等于as.matrix(a[i,3:10]-m1)%*%matrix(v_1,8,8)%*%matrix(t(a[i,3:10]-m1),8,1)

d1[i],

i等于i+1}

d1,

d2等于c(1:31),

j等于1,

for(jin1:31)

{if(j<,等于31)

d2[j]等于as.matrix(a[j,3:10]-m2)%*%matrix(v_1,8,8)%*%matrix(t(a[j,3:10]-m2),8,1)

d2[j],

j等于j+1

}

d2,

d3等于c(1:31),

k等于1

for(kin1:31)

{

if(k<,等于31)

d3[k]等于as.matrix(a[k,3:10]-m3)%*%matrix(v_1,8,8)%*%matrix(t(a[k,3:10]-m3),8,1)

d3[k],

k等于k+1

}

d3,

#预测及回判

s1等于c(1:31)

distance等于c(1:31)

z等于1,

for(zin1:31)

{

if(d1[z]等于等于min(d1[z],d2[z],d3[z]))

s1[z]等于1,

if(d2[z]等于等于min(d1[z],d2[z],d3[z]))

s1[z]等于2,

if(d3[z]等于等于min(d1[z],d2[z],d3[z]))

s1[z]等于3,

s1[z],

distance[z]等于min(d1[z],d2[z],d3[z]),

z等于z+1

}

s1,

#输出结果

output等于matrix(c(s,distance,s1),31,3),

row.name等于area,

col.name等于c("原始组","最小距离","预测组"),

dimnames(output)等于list(row.name,col.name),

output,

#预测精度

o等于1,

total等于0,

t1等于0,

t2等于0,

t3等于0,

for(oin1:29)

{

if(s1[o]等于等于s[o])

total等于total+1,

o+1

}

p等于total/29,

注:为写程序方便,在录入数据时,将"地区"指标用其英文"area"代替,用"s"代替"Group"

习题4

为了研究我国地级市的城市管理效率,对我国67城市管理效率指数数据利用快速聚类法分为了3类,城市管理效率指数是反映一个城市综合管理水平的重要指标,包括经济效率标准指数,结构效率标准指数,社会效率标准指数,人员效率标准指数,发展效率标准指数和环境效率标准指数等几个指标.试利用fisher判别法和贝叶斯判别法,建立判别函数,判定宿州,广安等13个地级市分别属于哪个管理水平类型.判别指标及原始数据见表4-4.

表4-4:

编号城市综合效率标准指数经济效率标准指数结构效率标准指数社会效率标准指数人员效率标准指数发展效率标准指数环境效率标准指数groupx1x2x3x4x5x6x71三亚0.41580.21970.5470.45090.41360.24090.422912呼和浩特0.40040.36150.7800.09770.21030.26900.271713青岛0.38270.40510.5920.17350.42830.34740.218714张家界0.38030.09040.8380.23260.41910.12450.121815哈尔滨0.37910.22240.6810.14720.38300.22010.296016乌鲁木齐0.37580.29440.8630.17250.18670.19050.072517沈阳0.37530.37440.6970.06810.33380.31160.192318长沙0.37060.29150.6940.12940.36480.17230.258319济南0.36870.37910.6700.13970.25530.18900.2747110温州0.36310.25400.5880.24110.45430.28370.1864111南京0.36290.48030.6770.12840.35310.30470.0572112太原0.36240.30730.7220.14530.26790.22480.1646113台州0.35990.27110.5540.15860.53460.29040.2288114舟山0.35300.36120.6470.11570.23270.40040.1103115福州0.35200.25910.6030.19410.42980.23830.1871116常州0.30870.46290.5060.08970.47260.26990.0478117黑河0.30870.08120.6480.02210.30620.17160.2331118牡丹江0.30870.13240.7030.11290.37080.17630.0203119石家庄0.30830.21870.5490.30780.37030.18520.0534120肇庆0.30770.14570.5980.19780.49340.14850.0621121鞍山0.30750.34000.5620.05980.42680.18500.1278122贵阳0.30740.17730.6390.15520.25890.21770.0804123丽水0.30280.14690.5830.16200.37090.30690.0295124阳泉0.30240.18940.5490.24090.28440.24580.0862125晋中0.30180.13010.5140.31580.34940.19130.1181126镇江0.30150.39670.4990.16550.38910.23690.0648127定西0.29980.02880.5800.14550.43830.16970.1594128安康0.29900.06180.6210.09880.37840.14510.1608129湖州0.29750.30760.4820.17350.42700.27710.0589130西宁0.29740.13880.6580.08130.36740.19370.0407131固原0.29720.03610.5630.12370.48300.22170.1233132乌海0.29700.33950.4940.11780.24920.31580.1240133忻州0.29670.06780.6180.23260.27420.19600.0644134玉溪0.29620.19510.4240.25460.35760.30480.1497135黄山0.29540.13260.6630.10240.31090.15210.0695136吕梁0.29510.11930.3910.23300.27220.22630.3489137襄樊0.25710.12170.5390.08250.42580.13210.0423138通化0.25670.13010.5230.16550.31260.16920.0260139三明0.25580.17900.5050.10340.34650.20930.0249140株洲0.25580.17210.5080.09840.43960.12840.0411141梅州0.25080.08830.4780.06890.51160.17080.0577142伊春0.25570.10580.5280.08330.40160.16770.0439143潍坊0.25540.20500.4170.14660.38800.19120.1021144张掖0.25460.10380.4870.14600.33880.18600.0718145景德镇0.25430.15190.5170.11770.36150.15900.0323146白银0.25340.10480.4690.17920.34770.19570.0556147广州0.50120.65730.8120.28350.24240.44630.2903248厦门0.44520.52220.6280.26950.24440.66200.2020249珠海0.43530.54360.5910.36430.14010.67020.1728250东莞0.42800.41110.5840.20580.20520.93990.0967251威海0.38850.57140.4150.42330.36030.31130.3036252中山0.38300.43810.4980.27860.39210.58610.1039253宁波0.37820.53600.5650.16990.38290.42780.1357254无锡0.37600.75500.5470.11140.44280.42920.0550255天津0.37020.42880.5670.13370.28560.55710.1252256杭州0.36980.54040.6360.16420.26780.41050.0

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