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,anditappearsthatmalesandfemalesofanyageareequallygoodatputationandatunderstandingmathematicalconcepts.However,aftertheirmid-teens,menarebetteratproblemsolvingthanwomenare.

ThequestionraisedbyDr.Summersdoesgettotheheartofthematter.Overthepast50years,womenhavemadehugeprogressintoacademiaandwithinit.Slowly,theyhaveworkedtheirwayintothehigherechelons(等级)ofdisciplineafterdiscipline.Butsomepartsoftheivorytowerhaveprovedhardertooccupythanothers.Thequestionremains,towhatdegreeistheabsenceofwomeninscience,mathematicsandengineeringcausedbyinnate,immutableability

Innateitmaywellbe.Thatdoesnotmeanitisimmutable.Avarietyofabilitiesareamenabletotraininginbothsexes.Andsuchtrainingworks.Biologymaypredispose,butitisnotnecessarilydestiny.

21.Whatdoestheword"honed"(Line3,Paragraph1)mostprobablymean

[A]started[B]determined[C]created[D]sharpened

22.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldLarrySummerssupport

[A]Womenwereinnatelylessablethanmeninsomeareas.

[B]Womenhavelimitedcapacityinallresearchfields.

[C]Womenshouldnotchoosecareersinmaths,engineering,etc.

[D]Womenarefacingdiscriminationintheircareers.

23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage

[A]Neo-Darwinismofferedbiologicalevidenceoftheinnatesexdifferences.

[B]Femaleinnateabilityisnottheonlyreasonfortheiracademicposition.

[C]Boysandgirlsperformedequallywellinproblemsolvinginteenageyears.

[D]Dr.Summersignoredthefactthatwomenhaverisentothetopoftheivorytower.

24.Thesentence"Biologymaypredispose,butitisnotnecessarilydestiny."(Line2,Para.7)indicatesthat_________.

[A]Biologicalfactorsdetermineone'scapabilities.

[B]Women'sroleisnotdecidedbydestiny.

[C]Biologicaldifferencescouldbechanged.

[D]Abilitiescanbeacquireddespiteinnatedifferences.

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext

[A]SexDifference:WhoisSmarter

[B]FemaleLaginCertainFields:GenderDifference

[C]DifferencesBetweentheSexes:MismeasureofWomen

[D]GenderInequality:FemaleInferiorityProved

Text2

Intheearlydaysoftheinter,theideathatitrepresentedanentirelynewandseparaterealm,distinctfromtherealworld,wasseizeduponbybothadvocatesandcriticsofthenewtechnology.Advocateslikedtheideathatthevirtualworld(虚拟世界)wasaplacelessdatasphere,liberatedfromconstraintsandrestrictionsoftherealworld,andanopportunityforafreshstart.Forinstance,JohnPerryBarlow,aninteractivist,issuedthe"DeclarationoftheIndependenceofCyberspace"inFebruary1996.Hethundered,"Governmentsoftheindustrialworld,Iefromcyberspace,thenewhomeofmind.Cyberspacedoesnotliewithinyourborders.Wearecreatingaworldthatallmayenterwithoutprivilegeorprejudiceaccordedbyrace,economicpower,militaryforce,orstationofbirth."

WhereMr.Barlowandothercyber-Utopiansfoundtheseparationbetweentherealandvirtualworldsexciting,however,criticsregardeditasacauseforconcern.Theyworriedthatpeoplewerespendingtoomuchtimeonline,municatingwithpeopletheyhadneverevenmetinpersoninchatrooms,virtualgameworldsand,morerecently,onsocial-workingsitessuchasMySpaceandFacebook.AstudycarriedoutbytheStanfordInstitutefortheQuantitativeStudyofSocietyin2000,forexample,foundthatheavyinterusersspentlesstimetalkingtofriendsandfamily,andwarnedthattheintercouldbe"theultimateisolatingtechnology".

Bothgroupswerewrong,ofcourse.Theinterhasnotturnedouttobeathingapart.Unpleasantaspectsoftherealworld,suchastaxes,censorship,crimeandfraudarenowfeaturesofthevirtualworld,too.Gamerswhomakerealmoneysellingswords,goldandotheritemsinvirtualgameworldsmaynowfindthatthetaxmanwantstoknowaboutit.DesignersofvirtualobjectsinSecondLife,anonlinevirtualworld,areresortingtoreal-worldlawsuitsinordertoprotecttheirintellectualproperty.

Atthesametime,however,someofthemostexcitingusesoftheinterrelyoncouplingitwiththerealworld.Socialworkingallowspeopletostayintouchwiththeirfriendsonline,andplansocialactivitiesintherealworld.Thedistinctionbetweenonlineandofflinechatterceasestomatter.OrconsiderGoogleEarth,whichputssatelliteimagesofthewholeworldonyourdesktopandallowsuserstolinkonlinedatawithspecificphysicallocations.

Alltheseapproachestreattheinterasanextensionoranattachmenttothephysicalworld,notaseparatespace.Ratherthanseeingtherealandvirtualrealmsasdistinctandconflicting,inshort,itmakessensetoseethemasplementaryandconnected.TheresultingfusionisnotwhattheUtopiansorthecriticsforesaw,butitsuitstherestofusjustfine.

26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,interadvocatesbelievedthat__________.

[A]interstoodforprogressofthetechnology

[B]virtualrealmwasaworldwithoutboundaries

[C]cyberspaceliberatedtherealworld

[D]cyberspacecanbeenteredbyanyoneforfree

27.WhyisJohnPerryBarlowme

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